cosmic rays

Cosmic ray effects on the isotope composition of hydrogen and noble gases in lunar samples: Insights from Apollo 12018

Exposure of rocks and regolith to solar (SCR) and galactic cosmic rays (GCR) at the Moon's surface results in the production of 'cosmogenic' deuterium and noble gas nuclides at a rate that depends on a complex set of parameters, such as the energy …

The production rate of cosmogenic deuterium at the Moon's surface

The hydrogen (D/H) isotope ratio is a key tracer for the source of planetary water. However, secondary processes such as solar wind implantation and cosmic ray induced spallation reactions have modified the primordial D/H signature of ‘water’ in all …